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Aristotle's thought about economic matters has been a seminal influence. It was the backbone of medieval thinking about commerce, and the basis of analyses of money into this century. But its interpretation has become chaotic. Economists claim Aristotle as the father of economics, while classical scholars hold that Aristotle was not an economist. Contrary to prevailing beliefs, this study argues that Aristotle did develop a coherent theory of value, wealth, exchange and money, which was strongly backed up by his metaphysics. Its metaphysical foundation, however, makes it impossible to assimilate the theory to neo-Classical economics or any other kind of economic thought, and it remains an ethical theory.