Trousson, Raymond / Vercruysse, Jeroom (dir.), Dictionnaire general de Voltaire. (Champion classiques, references et dictionnaires 18) 1272 p. 2020:10 (Champion, FR) <670-9>
ISBN 978-2-38096-016-7 paper ¥7,064.- (税込) EUR 38.00

Sanders, Anthony B., Baby Ninth Amendments: How Americans Embraced Unenumerated Rights and Why It Matters. 192 pp. 2023:5 (U. Michigan Pr., US) <693-655>
ISBN 978-0-472-07615-4 hard ¥10,384.- (税込) US$ 49.95 *
ISBN 978-0-472-05615-6 paper ¥5,186.- (税込) US$ 24.95 *

Listing every right that a constitution should protect is hard. American constitution drafters often list a few famous rights such as freedom of speech, protection against unreasonable searches and seizures, and free exercise of religion, plus a handful of others. However, we do not need to enumerate every liberty because there is another way to protect them: an "etcetera clause." It states that there are other rights beyond those specifically listed: "The enumeration in the Constitution, of certain rights, shall not be construed to deny or disparage others retained by the people." Yet scholars are divided on whether the Ninth Amendment itself actually does protect unenumerated rights, and the Supreme Court has almost entirely ignored it. Regardless of what the Ninth Amendment means, two-thirds of state constitutions have equivalent provisions, or "Baby Ninth Amendments," worded similarly to the Ninth Amendment.This book is the story of how the "Baby Ninths" came to be and what they mean. Unlike the controversy surrounding the Ninth Amendment, the meaning of the Baby Ninths is straightforward: they protect individual rights that are not otherwise enumerated. They are an "etcetera, etcetera" at the end of a bill of rights. This book argues that state judges should do their duty and live up to their own constitutions to protect the rights "retained by the people" that these "etcetera clauses" are designed to guarantee. The fact that Americans have adopted these provisions so many times in so many states demonstrates that unenumerated rights are not only protected by state constitutions, but that they are popular. Unenumerated rights are not a weird exception to American constitutional law. They are at the center of it. We should start treating constitutions accordingly.

Richey, Sean, Collateral Damage: The Influence of Political Rhetoric on the Incorporation of Second-Generation Americans. 180 pp. 2023:2 (U. Michigan Pr., US) <693-842>
ISBN 978-0-472-07581-2 hard ¥14,553.- (税込) US$ 70.00 *
ISBN 978-0-472-05581-4 paper ¥7,265.- (税込) US$ 34.95 *

Collateral Damage provides an overview of how political communication influences the process of incorporation with the broad society as well as its political parties. Sean Richey shows that how politicians talk about immigrants affects how their children perceive America and their feelings about the nation. These perceptions and feelings in turn greatly influence the children's desire to incorporate into American political society. He also shows that regardless of a speaker's intended outcome, what is said can still have a deleterious effect on incorporation desire, a communicative process that he terms "collateral damage." Richey uses new experimental and survey evidence, as well as the rhetoric of Donald Trump as a test case, to examine how anti-immigration communication influences the incorporation of the children of immigrants.

Tate, Katherine / Robnett, Belinda, Gendered Pluralism. (CAWP Series in Gender and American Politics) 200 pp. 2023:1 (U. Michigan Pr., US) <693-849>
ISBN 978-0-472-13336-9 hard ¥13,513.- (税込) US$ 65.00 *

Focused on structural and political intersectionalities, Gendered Pluralism takes a broader approach to understanding the constellation of factors that drive gender and racial differences on an array of public policy issues. Belinda Robnett and Katherine Tate examine a broader set of actors absent the contextual factors that may drive them to compromise their opinions. Their study examines the ways in which (1) men and women differ on public policy issues and the factors that drive these differences; (2) whites and racial-ethnic minorities differ on public policy issues and the factors that drive these differences; (3) women differ on public policy issues and the factors that drive these differences; (4) African-American men and women differ on public policy issues and the factors that drive these differences; and (5) African-American women differ on public policy issues and the factors that drive these differences.

Medwinter, Sancha Doxilly, Ecologies of Inequity: How Disaster Response Reconstitutes Race and Class Inequality. (Sociology of Race and Ethnicity) 208 pp. 2023:8 (U. Georgia Pr., US) <693-853>
ISBN 978-0-8203-6381-3 hard ¥23,897.- (税込) US$ 114.95 *
ISBN 978-0-8203-6380-6 paper ¥6,226.- (税込) US$ 29.95 *

With Ecologies of Inequity, Sancha Doxilly Medwinter tells the story of how the racially and ethnically diverse, immigrant, and urban poor disaster survivors lose ground to their White, middleclass-to-affluent and Black middle-class homeowner neighbors during official disaster response. Medwinter presents analyses from 120 conversational and expert interviews with disaster responders and survivors in New York City, beginning as early as twelve days after the November 2012 landfall of Superstorm Sandy. The settings are Carnarsie, Brooklyn, and the Rockaway peninsula, which experienced six to eight feet of flooding.The color- and class-blind assumptions of disaster responders and the labyrinthine process of obtaining a FEMA grant combine to exclude and increase the psychological burden of urban poor disaster survivors. Similarly, the locational decisions and volunteer service perimeters uncritically replicate the segregation logics of urban spaces. Part of this story explains how the chronically poor repeatedly get displaced by the machinery of official disaster response. One reason is the introduction of a race- and class-blind disaster "logic of response" that caters to the needs of the newly created class of "disaster victims," while displacing the "logic of service," which typically attempts to address the needs of the chronically poor.

Bird, R. Kenton / Pierce, John C., Tom Foley: The Man in the Middle. (Congressional Leaders) 264 pp. 2023:7 (U. Pr. Kansas, US) <693-859>
ISBN 978-0-7006-3465-1 hard ¥8,313.- (税込) US$ 39.99 *

Thomas S. Foley, a Democratic representative from the traditionally Republican region of eastern Washington, served in Congress from 1964 to 1994. In 1989 he became the first Speaker of the US House of Representatives from a district west of Texas. His thirty years of experience as a Democrat representing a Republican-leaning district contributed to his strong commitment to bipartisanship and institution building. His speakership came to an end when the Newt Gingrich-led "Republican Revolution" ushered in an era of ideological polarization and fierce partisanship.Tom Foley: The Man in the Middle is a political biography of this important but often overlooked figure in modern congressional history. While examining the story of Foley's service as Speaker of the House, R. Kenton Bird and John C. Pierce place his career in the context of both his own life story and congressional politics in the late twentieth century. What emerges is the story of a leader whose strongly held political values motivated him to sustain a vibrant and responsive House of Representatives as an institution, with a stance that proved incompatible with the polarized and strident political environment that emerged in the early 1990s.Bird and Pierce offer the first major study of Tom Foley's political career in this penetrating look at a unique and transformative congressional leader who focused on making Congress work by bringing politicians from both sides of the aisle together. Foley's tenure spanned the crucial years of transition between this bipartisan ideology of governance and the politics of the twenty-first century, between the leadership styles of Democrats Jim Wright and Tip O'Neil and that of Republican Gingrich. Foley's defeat in 1994 ended this remarkable career of leading from the middle and marked a seismic transition in the landscape of American politics.

Doherty, Brendan J., Fundraiser in Chief: Presidents and the Politics of Campaign Cash. 224 pp. 2023:4 (U. Pr. Kansas, US) <693-860>
ISBN 978-0-7006-3532-0 hard ¥20,787.- (税込) US$ 99.99 *
ISBN 978-0-7006-3405-7 paper ¥6,234.- (税込) US$ 29.99 *

Recent presidents have responded to the evolving rules of the campaign finance system and the competitive electoral landscape by devoting substantial amounts of their most valuable resource-their time-to fundraising. In the follow-up to his 2012 book, The Rise of the President's Permanent Campaign, Brendan Doherty argues that presidential fundraising is an underexamined tool of modern presidential leadership and should be viewed as an instrument of presidential power akin to signing statements, executive orders, public speeches, and veto threats. Presidents raise campaign cash for themselves and for their fellow party members in the hope of electoral gains that will reshuffle the governing deck in their favor, but acting as fundraiser in chief sparks a host of controversies.Based on an original dataset of 2,190 presidential fundraisers spanning more than four decades of presidents from Carter to Trump, Fundraiser in Chief is the first book-length work to analyze presidential fundraising in a systematic and comprehensive manner. Doherty draws on an unprecedented amount of empirical evidence to shed light on modern presidents' fundraising priorities and strategies as they seek to move the country closer to their vision of a more perfect union.Fundraiser in Chief is a study of presidential resource allocation strategy: how much of their scarce time presidents devote to fundraising, for whom they do it, what priorities are illuminated by their efforts, how their fundraising strategies relate to the evolving campaign finance landscape, under what circumstances they fundraise behind closed doors, and the resulting controversies and implications for presidential leadership and the American political system.Doherty offers an argument about the incentives that drive presidents to fundraise so frequently while examining the controversial implications of their extensive efforts to raise campaign cash. He contends that rising campaign costs, limits on contributions to candidates and political parties, the inadequacy of the resources provided by the presidential public funding system, the specter of Super PACs raising funds in unlimited amounts, and fiercely competitive contests to control the White House, Congress, and governors' offices across the country have all incentivized presidents to embrace their role as fundraiser in chief.

Kamel, Amir Magdy, Floundering Stability: US Foreign Policy in Egypt. 216 pp. 2023:3 (U. Michigan Pr., US) <693-861>
ISBN 978-0-472-07588-1 hard ¥15,592.- (税込) US$ 75.00 *
ISBN 978-0-472-05588-3 paper ¥7,265.- (税込) US$ 34.95 *

The US commitment to stability-both domestically and abroad-has been a consistent feature in the way Washington, DC carries out international relations. This commitment is complimented by the increased overlap between the economic and political spheres in international affairs. Consequently, this US approach to foreign interaction is informed by an assumption that foreign policy tools can influence global stability for the better. In order to investigate this assumption, this book details the foundations of what Amir Magdy Kamel refers to as the US Stability Policy-how it evolved over time and how it was implemented in Egypt. He finds that domestic and global forces were left unaccounted for by the Stability Policy, ultimately leading to a failure to achieve the self-stated stability goals. Kamel's analysis is informed through a unique mixed-method approach that sheds light on how and why this policy fared so poorly under Mubarak's Egypt. He develops and tests a unique and particular way of examining the Stability Policy and presents a framework for future work to replicate and build on in the quest to understand other state-on-state relationships and the effectiveness of other foreign economic policies in achieving stability goals. Floundering Stability reflects on what Kamel's findings mean for the relationship between the US and Egypt, as well as specific US foreign policy suggestions on how the same mistakes can be avoided in the future.

Kronlund, Anna, US Congress' Powers under Debate: Separation of Powers and Parliamentary Politics in Times of War and Crisis. (Politics-Debates-Concepts / Politik-Debatten-Begriffe 9) 315 S. 2022:12 (Nomos, GW) <693-862>
ISBN 978-3-8487-8859-0 paper ¥16,546.- (税込) EUR 69.00 *

Kriegs- und Notstandsbefugnisse haben im Laufe der Jahrhunderte in verschiedenen Laendern existiert und Fragen nach der damit verbundenen politischen Autoritaet aufgeworfen. Die Autorin zeigt, wie Kriegs- und Notstandsbefugnisse verstanden wurden und welche Art von Konzepten und Argumenten zur Definition dieser Befugnisse in den politischen Debatten in den USA von den 1970er Jahren ueber die Terroranschlaege vom 11. September bis zur Regierung von Donald J. Trump verwendet wurden. Ziel ist es, die Kontrolle des Kongresses ueber die Befugnisse des Praesidenten in Ausnahmesituationen aufzuzeigen und damit einen neuen Ansatz fuer die Untersuchung von Kriegs- und Notstandsbefugnissen zu bieten.

Luttig, Matthew D., The Closed Partisan Mind: A New Psychology of American Polarization. 156 pp. 2023:4 (Cornell U. Pr., US) <693-863>
ISBN 978-1-5017-6889-7 hard ¥7,889.- (税込) US$ 37.95 *

The Closed Partisan Mind traces the roots of partisan polarization to psychological closed-mindedness in the electorate and the changing perception of politics created by polarized political leaders and the new media environment. American politics today can be defined by the intense and increasingly toxic divide between Democrats and Republicans. Matthew D. Luttig explores why so many Americans have endorsed this level of political conflict. Luttig illustrates how the psychological need for closure leads people, regardless of whether they identify as Democrat or Republican, to express more polarized political attitudes. This association between closed minds and partisan polarization is a new phenomenon and can be traced to broader changes in American society, such as the creation of ideologically distinct political parties and a fragmented media environment. These developments have simplified politics into a black-or-white, us-versus-them conflict-making politics appeal to those with closed minds. Today, strong partisans do not just cheer for their political party to win elections. Instead, more akin to religious true believers, strong partisans use their affiliation as a means of understanding right and wrong, friend and enemy, true and false. The Closed Partisan Mind reveals that these dynamics have manifested in both a new type of partisanship and a new type of partisan. The emergence of this new closed partisanship illustrates the dangers that polarization has wrought on society, politics, and the minds of Americans.

QAnonの社会科学－新たな社会・政治現象
Miller, Monica K. (ed.), The Social Science of QAnon: A New Social and Political Phenomenon. 350 pp. 2023:8 (Cambridge U. Pr., UK) <693-865>
ISBN 978-1-316-51153-4 hard ¥21,450.- (税込) GB￡ 75.00 *
ISBN 978-1-009-05502-4 paper ¥6,574.- (税込) GB￡ 22.99 *

QAnon has emerged as the defining conspiracy group of our times, and its far-right conspiracies are extraordinary for their breadth and extremity. Bringing together scholars from psychology, sociology, communications, and political science, this cutting-edge volume uses social science theory to investigate aspects of QAnon. Following an introduction to the 'who, what, and why' of QAnon, Part I focuses on the psychological characteristics of QAnon followers and the group's methods for recruiting and maintaining these followers. Part II includes chapters at the intersection of QAnon and society, arguing that society has constructed QAnon as a threat and the social need to belong motivates its followers. Part III discusses the role of communication in promoting and limiting QAnon support, while Part IV concludes by considering the future of QAnon. The Social Science of QAnon is vital reading for scholars and students across the social sciences, and for legal and policy professionals.

Parshall, Lisa K. / Twombly, Jim, Directing the Whirlwind: Deconstruction, Distrust, and the Future of American Democracy. (The American Presidency in the 21st Century 2) 328 pp. 2022:12 (P. Lang, SZ) <693-866>
ISBN 978-1-4331-9890-8 paper ¥15,567.- (税込) SFR 61.00

Donald J. Trump ran on a platform that, among other things, promised to "drain the swamp" that is Washington, DC. Part of that draining would entail what his chief strategist, Steve Bannon, would call "the deconstruction of the administrative state." Set in the political environment of 2020, with a raging pandemic and nationwide protests, this work examines the philosophy that guides the Trump Administration’s approach and the mechanisms by which it seeks to accomplish the deconstruction. By combining journalistic accounts with presidential and public administration scholarship, the book raises questions about the impact of Trump’s approach on the future of public administration. As such, this work makes a strong contribution to public administration and presidential studies and casts a scholarly light on treatments of Trump’s contribution to governance and politics. This new edition brings the narrative up to date and speculates about the future of the administrative state and our democracy in the aftermath of January 6th under the new Biden Administration and future presidents.

Pluta, Anne C., Persuading the Public: The Evolution of Popular Presidential Communication from Washington to Trump. 192 pp. 2023:5 (U. Pr. Kansas, US) <693-867>
ISBN 978-0-7006-3536-8 hard ¥20,787.- (税込) US$ 99.99 *
ISBN 978-0-7006-3434-7 paper ¥6,234.- (税込) US$ 29.99 *

In Persuading the Public, Anne Pluta rethinks the established narrative of presidential communication and offers a bold new way of thinking about how presidents have reached the American public.Most presidential scholars claim that the "rhetorical presidency" in which presidents seek to engage directly with the public and appeal to the nation as the basis for governance emerged at the turn of the twentieth century, shifting away from the constitutional norms of the nineteenth century when presidential communication was purely ceremonial and exceedingly rare. Pluta challenges this head-on by arguing that even the earliest presidents understood their unique relationship with the public and sought to leverage this connection through popular communication.Pluta offers up this alternative theory of opportunistic communication in this comprehensive assessment of the popular communication practices of American presidents from 1789 to 2021. Her new argument of opportunistic communication explains the relationship between the president and the people in terms of a framework of opportunities structured by technology, the media environment, enfranchisement, and party politics-not constitutional norms.This fresh reassessment is based on Pluta's unique dataset of thousands of presidential public speeches, including more than 3,000 instances of pre-1929 presidential rhetoric. While the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries have often been overlooked by political scientists, the author argues that it is an essential period to understanding presidential communication. Using a massive original dataset with a multimethod analysis, Pluta offers a new theoretical approach to understanding how and why presidential communication has evolved.

Rosenthal, Aaron J., The State You See: How Government Visibility Creates Political Distrust and Racial Inequality. 272 pp. 2023:3 (U. Michigan Pr., US) <693-869>
ISBN 978-0-472-07599-7 hard ¥16,632.- (税込) US$ 80.00 *

The State You See uncovers a racial gap in the way the American government appears in people's lives. It makes it clear that public policy changes over the last fifty years have driven all Americans to distrust the government that they see in their lives, even though Americans of different races are not seeing the same kind of government.For white people, these policy changes have involved a rising number of generous benefits submerged within America's tax code, which taken together cost the government more than Social Security and Medicare combined. Political attention focused on this has helped make welfare and taxes more visible representations of government for white Americans. As a result, white people are left with the misperception that government does nothing for them, apart from take their tax money to spend on welfare. Distrust of government is the result. For people of color, distrust is also rampant but for different reasons. Over the last fifty years, America has witnessed increasingly overbearing policing and swelling incarceration numbers. These changes have disproportionately impacted communities of color, helping to make the criminal legal system a unique visible manifestation of government in these communities.While distrust of government emerges in both cases, these different roots lead to different consequences. White people are mobilized into politics by their distrust, feeling that they must speak up in order to reclaim their misspent tax dollars. In contrast, people of color are pushed away from government due to a belief that engaging in American elections will yield the same kind of unresponsiveness and violence that comes from interactions with the police. The result is a perpetuation of the same kind of racial inequality that has always been present in American democracy. The State You See is essential reading for anyone interested in understanding how the American government engages in subtle forms of discrimination and how it continues to uphold racial inequality in the present day.

Sahar, Gail, Blame and Political Attitudes: The Psychology of America's Culture War. 187 pp. 2023:1 (Palgrave Macmillan, UK) <693-870>
ISBN 978-3-031-20235-3 paper ¥5,991.- (税込) EUR 24.99 *

Questions about the causes of events, from terrorist attacks to mass shootings to economic and public health crises dominate conversations across the US. Recent research in social psychology outlines the process we use to identify the causes of such events, reveals how we determine who is responsible or to blame, and documents the far-reaching consequences of these determinations for our emotions, our actions, and our attitudes.Current approaches to political opinions posit a direct path from a person's worldview (liberal or conservative) to their attitudes toward specific political issues like abortion and welfare. This book argues that blame is the missing link between the two. Gail Sahar demonstrates that the current emphasis on value differences, whether between conservatives and liberals in the U.S. or between religious and secular countries on a global level, ignores commonalities in the way people think about issues. She proposes that focusing on perceived causes of social problems is a much more promising avenue for dialog than trying to reconcile fundamental belief systems. Informed by the latest psychological science, this new take on how to change attitudes has implications for anyone seeking to influence the viewpoints of others, from politicians and activists to ordinary people talking about current events at a dinner party.

Schlag, Pierre, Twilight of the American State. 242 pp. 2023 (U. Michigan Pr., US) <693-872>
ISBN 978-0-472-13338-3 hard ¥15,592.- (税込) US$ 75.00 *
ISBN 978-0-472-03926-5 paper ¥5,186.- (税込) US$ 24.95 *

The sudden emergence of the Trump nation surprised nearly everyone, including journalists, pundits, political consultants, and academics. When Trump won in 2016, his ascendancy was widely viewed as a fluke. Yet time showed it was instead the rise of a movement-angry, militant, revanchist, and unabashedly authoritarian. How did this happen? Twilight of the American State offers a sweeping exploration of how law and legal institutions helped prepare the grounds for this rebellious movement. The controversial argument is that, viewed as a legal matter, the American state is not just a liberal democracy, as most Americans believe. Rather, the American state is composed of an uneasy and unstable combination of different versions of the state-liberal democratic, administered, neoliberal, and dissociative. Each of these versions arose through its own law and legal institutions. Each emerged at different times historically. Each was prompted by deficits in the prior versions. Each has survived displacement by succeeding versions. All remain active in the contemporary moment-creating the political-legal dysfunction America confronts today. Pierre Schlag maps out a big picture view of the tribulations of the American state. The book abjures conventional academic frameworks, sets aside prescriptions for quick fixes, dispenses with lamentations about polarization, and bypasses historical celebrations of the American Spirit.

Schneier, Edward V. / Pole, Antoinette / Maniscalco, A., New York Politics: A Tale of Two States. 3rd ed. 372 pp. 2023:3 (Cornell U. Pr., US) <693-873>
ISBN 978-1-5017-6726-5 hard ¥27,027.- (税込) US$ 130.00 *
ISBN 978-1-5017-6727-2 paper ¥8,512.- (税込) US$ 40.95 *

New York Politics examines aspects of state government that are often hidden in the secret sessions of the parties' legislative conferences: the closed-door budget; a complicated array of opaque agencies, authorities, and local governments; and a campaign finance system that lacks transparency. New York is unique among the American states in the existence of regional and demographic divisions, making it difficult to govern. Edward V. Schneier, Antoinette Pole, and Anthony Maniscalco bring clarity and understanding to the politics of the Empire State. This third edition of the leading textbook on New York politics combines historical, legal, statistical, and journalistic sources with the candid perspectives of legislators, lobbyists, and other public officials. Critical updates and new information include an analysis of the rise and fall of Governor Andrew Cuomo, coverage of growing demographic diversity in New York State and its government, and the impact of unified government when the legislature and executive branch are both controlled by the Democratic Party.

トランプと官僚たち
Shapiro, Stuart, Trump and the Bureaucrats: The Fate of Neutral Competence. 180 pp. 2023:2 (Springer, GW) <693-874>
ISBN 978-3-031-22078-4 hard ¥28,772.- (税込) EUR 119.99 *

This volume discusses the long term impacts of the Trump presidency on the federal bureaucracy. Drawing on the longstanding academic literature on neutral competence and interviews with the bureaucrats themselves, this book adds insight to the academic question of the role of bureaucrats in a democratic system after a four-year period in which their role has been questioned and threatened as never before. Focusing on the elite agencies of the Office of Management and Budget, the Congressional Budget Office, the Government Accountability Office, as well as?the Economic Research Service at the Department of Agriculture,?the chapters evaluate individual experiences of members of each agency during the Trump presidency through the lens of the growing tension between politics and administration. Enlightening the role that bureaucrats play in American democracy in an era when polarization is on the rise and disputes over the role of the civil service are growing, this volume will be of interest to scholars and students in public policy, political science, and public administration as well as policymakers and members of the US federal government workforce.

Stuckey, Mary E., For the Enjoyment of the People: The Creation of National Identity in American Public Lands. 304 pp. 2023:7 (U. Pr. Kansas, US) <693-876>
ISBN 978-0-7006-3479-8 hard ¥9,353.- (税込) US$ 44.99 *

National parks are widely revered as "America's best idea"-they are abundantly popular and remarkably noncontroversial in the United States. American presidents use these parks to stake their claims to environmentalism, assert a singular national history, and define a unified national identity, often doing so inside the parks themselves. However, the establishment and history of almost every national park has been riddled with conflict over competing claims to land, knowledge, and economic interests. Like any major area of public policy, the fissures present in debates over the national parks also represent important fracture lines in the public understanding of the meaning of America and of individual claims to citizenship. The park system, in other words, does a lot of political work for both presidents and the mass public, even though much of that work goes largely unnoticed. This book explores that political work by addressing themes of national origins and the dispossession of Indigenous peoples; monuments to the national past, heritage, and the assertion of a national narrative; environmentalism and natural resources; and exploitation of the national landscape for economic gain.In For the Enjoyment of the People, Mary Stuckey looks at the politics of the parks as well as what the parks can teach us about citizenship and what it means to be American. Stuckey asserts that through the national parks we can hope to explain the past, clarify the present, and project the future. Combining interdisciplinary conversations about tourism, public memory, national history, park history, the presidency, and national identity, Stuckey contributes insightful ideas to the conversation on the history of national parks while examining the natural, military, and patriotic nature of America's best idea.

米国外交政策の軍事化
Toft, Monica Duffy / Kushi, Sidita, Dying by the Sword: The Militarization of US Foreign Policy. 296 pp. 2023:6 (Oxford U. Pr., US) <693-878>
ISBN 978-0-19-758143-8 hard ¥6,226.- (税込) US$ 29.95 *

Dying by the Sword explores the US's evolving foreign policies from the Founding era to the present in order to ring the alarm on the US's increasing reliance on "kinetic" global diplomacy. Monica Duffy Toft and Sidita Kushi find that since the end of the Cold War and especially after 9/11, the US has initiated higher rates of military interventions, drastically escalating its usage of force abroad. Lacking clear national strategic goals, the US now pursues a whack-a-mole security policy that is more reactionary than deliberate. The book explores every major era of US foreign policy, combining historical narrative with anecdotes from US foreign policy officials, case studies, and evidence drawn from the Military Intervention Project (MIP), which measures the extent of US reliance on force. Each chapter highlights the ways in which the US used and balanced primary tools of statecraft-war, trade, and diplomacy-to achieve its objectives. It showcases, however, that in recent decades, the US has heavily favored force over the other pillars of statecraft. The book concludes with a warning that if the US does not reduce its reliance on kinetic diplomacy, it may do irrevocable damage to its diplomatic corps and doom itself to costly wars of choice. If this trend continues, it could spell disaster for the US's image, its credibility, and-ultimately-its ability to help maintain international stability.

米国政治他における敵対的二極化の行動経済分析
Stone, Daniel F., Undue Hate: A Behavioral Economic Analysis of Hostile Polarization in US Politics and Beyond. 200 pp. 2023:5 (MIT Pr., US) <693-256>
ISBN 978-0-262-04750-0 paper ¥6,237.- (税込) US$ 30.00 *