Trousson, Raymond / Vercruysse, Jeroom (dir.), Dictionnaire general de Voltaire. (Champion classiques, references et dictionnaires 18) 1272 p. 2020:10 (Champion, FR) <670-9>
ISBN 978-2-38096-016-7 paper ¥7,064.- (税込) EUR 38.00

科学の歴史記述ハンドブック
Conde, Mauro L. / Salomon, Marlon (eds.), Handbook for the Historiography of Science. (Historiographies of Science) 617 pp. 2023:11 (Springer, GW) <710-66>
ISBN 978-3-031-27509-8 hard ¥75,236.- (税込) EUR 299.99 *

This book aims to perform a critical and broad assessment of the historiography of science produced from the late nineteenth century to the early twenty-first century. It presents its main authors, concepts, ideas, conceptions, and schools. It also analyzes the historical circumstances of the rise of the discipline history of science and the relations of the historiography of science with related areas. These chapters do not understand the historiography of science as a mere description or record of the history of science. Instead, they understand the historiography of science from the epistemological criteria and choices that guided the writing of the history of science in its different contexts. In other words, more than describing the record of the various possibilities of historiographical approaches to science, the chapters carry out an epistemological reflection to assess the bases, possibilities, scope, and limits of different historiographical conceptions, authors, and traditions that have established the writing of the history of science. This book can be conceived as a reference work not only for professional historians and philosophers but also for academics from different backgrounds who are initiating themselves in the universe of history and philosophy of science, be they scientists from different fields or young researchers from different backgrounds who want to start studying the history and philosophy of science.

Whitehead, Hunter W. / Lickliter-Mundon, Megan (eds.), Strides Towards Standard Methodologies in Aeronautical Archaeology. (Contributions To Global Historical Archaeology) 170 pp. 2023:10 (Springer, GW) <710-1127>
ISBN 978-3-031-40962-2 hard ¥30,092.- (税込) EUR 119.99 *

Forland, Tor Egil / Mitrovic, Branko (eds.), The Poverty of Anti-realism: Critical Perspectives on Postmodernist Philosophy of History. 246 pp. 2023:9 (Lexington Books, US) <710-1371>
ISBN 978-1-6669-3362-8 hard ¥22,445.- (税込) GB￡ 77.00 *

From the global geopolitical arena to the smart city, control over knowledge-particularly over data and intellectual property-has become a key battleground for the exercise of economic and political power. For companies and governments alike, control over knowledge-what scholar Susan Strange calls the knowledge structure-has become a goal unto itself.The rising dominance of the knowledge structure is leading to a massive redistribution of power, including from individuals to companies and states. Strong intellectual property rights have concentrated economic benefits in a smaller number of hands, while the "internet of things" is reshaping basic notions of property, ownership, and control. In the scramble to create and control data and intellectual property, governments and companies alike are engaging in ever-more surveillance.This open access book is a guide to and analysis of these changes, and of the emerging phenomenon of the knowledge-driven society. It highlights how the pursuit of the control over knowledge has become its own ideology, with its own set of experts drawn from those with the ability to collect and manipulate digital data. Haggart and Tusikov propose a workable path forward-knowledge decommodification-to ensure that our new knowledge is not treated simply as a commodity to be bought and sold, but as a way to meet the needs of the individuals and communities that create this knowledge in the first place.The ebook editions of this book are available open access under a CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 licence on bloomsburycollections.com. Open access was funded by Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada (SSHRC)

G.スカール著　過去を判断する－倫理、歴史、記憶
Scarre, Geoffrey, Judging the Past: Ethics, History and Memory. 240 pp. 2023:9 (Palgrave Macmillan, UK) <710-102>
ISBN 978-3-031-34510-4 hard ¥27,584.- (税込) EUR 109.99 *

This book presents an extended argument for the thesis that people of the present day are not debarred in principle from passing moral judgement on people who lived in former days, notwithstanding the inevitable differences in social and cultural circumstances that separate us. Some philosophers argue that because we can see things only from our own peculiar historical situation, we lack a sufficiently objective vantage point from which to appraise past people and their acts. If they are correct, then the judgements passed by twenty-first-century people must inevitably be biased and irrelevant, grounded on moral standards that would have seemed alien in that 'foreign country' of the past. This book challenges this relativistic position, contending that it seriously underestimates our ability to engage imaginatively with people who, however much their lifestyles may have differed from our own, were our fellow human beings, endowed with the samebasic instincts, aversions, desires and aspirations. Taking a stand on a naturalistic theory of human beings, coupled with a Kantian conception of the equal worth of all human members of the Kingdom of Ends, Scarre argues that historical moral judgements can be sensitive to circumstances, fitting and fair, and untainted by anachronism. The discussion ends by examining the implications of this position for the practice of historians and for the ethics of memory and commemoration.